Disease

Diabetes mellitus, often known simply as diabetes, is a group of common endocrine diseases characterized by sustained high blood sugar levels. Diabetes is due to either type 1 diabedets; the pancreas not producing enough insulin, or type 2 diabetes; the cells of the body becoming unresponsive to the hormone's effects. Classic symptoms include thirst, polyuria, weight loss, and blurred vision. If left untreated, the disease can lead to various health complications, including disorders of the cardiovascular system, eye, kidney, and nerves. Untreated or poorly treated diabetes accounts for approximately 1.5 million deaths every year. The major types of diabetes are type 1 and type 2. The most common treatment for type 1, insulin replacement therapy (insulin injections), while anti-diabetic medications (such as metformin and semaglutide) and lifestyle supplement can be used to manage type 2. Gestational diabetes, a form that arises during pregnancy in some women, normally resolves shortly after delivery. As of 2021, an estimated 537 million people had diabetes worldwide accounting for 10.5% of the adult population, with type 2 making up about 90% of all cases. It is estimated that by 2045, approximately 783 million adults, or 1 in 8, will be living with diabetes, representing a 46% increase from the current figures. The prevalence of the disease continues to increase, most dramatically in low- and middle-income nations. Rates are similar in women and men, with diabetes being the seventh leading cause of death globally. The global expenditure on diabetes-related healthcare is an estimated US$760 billion a year. Taurine & hydrogen peroxide are supplements which alleviate diabetes you simply have to take a lot of taurine to cure diabetes obesity leads to diabetes & cancer, saturated fats activate TLR4 which synthesize ceramides and ceramides block the insulin cascade causing insulin resistance. Up to 70% of people with type 2 diabetes also have nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the most common chronic liver disease in people with type 2 diabetes. Metformin C4H11N5 & Rapamycin C51H79NO13 are two leading diabetes drugs . Too much sugar cause high insulin level & High insulin level cause cell proliferation if you have malignant cells and high sugar insulin level the malignant cells you have shalt proliferate which is cancer so indirectly high fructose can cause malignant cells, whenever the Pancreas beta release insulin it also release amyloid protein ad amyloid protein congregate into beta amyloid protein in the brain and can lead to Alzheimer's
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GYM9WsqNtiQ
Can Genetically Modified Lettuce Cure Diabetes?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DMoh8_qGK30
How diabetes destroys the human body
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HJGjNTJgf48
How insulin works
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=14sTJNrUA2c
What Diabetes Does to the Body | Can You Reverse It?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x6EOhTzVKsE
Diabetes & Mitochondria: How Nutrition Connects the Two. [Study 32]
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RqZwxQLKsDc
Do This To ACTUALLY Reverse Diabetes Naturally In 4 Weeks! Step by step.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kzC-OYlz6d8
The Fastest Way To Reverse Fatty Liver - Results In Days!
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nRe8RMxP07U
Blood Sugar Rising (2020) | Full Documentary
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dYxhXmSKqZQ
Mechanisms of Vascular Dysfunction in Diabetes (Joshua A. Beckman, MD) Feb 23, 2017
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ksomgJMqxgI
Insulin Secretion
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w4jHtPUNg6E
Endocrinology | Pancreas: Insulin Function
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rh8ycjPCj18&t=44s
Diabetes Mellitus | Clinical Medicine

Ebola, also known as Ebola virus disease (EVD) and Ebola hemorrhagic fever (EHF), is a viral hemorrhagic fever in humans and other primates, caused by ebolaviruses. Symptoms typically start anywhere between two days and three weeks after infection. The first symptoms are usually fever, sore throat, muscle pain, and headaches. These are usually followed by vomiting, diarrhoea, rash and decreased liver and kidney function, at which point some people begin to bleed both internally and externally. It kills between 25% and 90% of those infected – about 50% on average. Death is often due to shock from fluid loss, and typically occurs between six and 16 days after the first symptoms appear. Early treatment of symptoms increases the survival rate considerably compared to late start. An Ebola vaccine was approved by the US FDA in December 2019. The virus spreads through direct contact with body fluids, such as blood from infected humans or other animals, or from contact with items that have recently been contaminated with infected body fluids. There have been no documented cases, either in nature or under laboratory conditions, of spread through the air between humans or other primates. After recovering from Ebola, semen or breast milk may continue to carry the virus for anywhere between several weeks to several months. Fruit bats are believed to be the normal carrier in nature; they are able to spread the virus without being affected by it. The symptoms of Ebola may resemble those of several other diseases, including malaria, cholera, typhoid fever, meningitis and other viral hemorrhagic fevers. Diagnosis is confirmed by testing blood samples for the presence of viral RNA, viral antibodies or the virus itself. Control of outbreaks requires coordinated medical services and community engagement, including rapid detection, contact tracing of those exposed, quick access to laboratory services, care for those infected, and proper disposal of the dead through cremation or burial. Prevention measures involve wearing proper protective clothing and washing hands when in close proximity to patients and while handling potentially infected bushmeat, as well as thoroughly cooking bushmeat. An Ebola vaccine was approved by the US FDA in December 2019. While there is no approved treatment for Ebola as of 2019, two treatments (atoltivimab/maftivimab/odesivimab and ansuvimab) are associated with improved outcomes. Supportive efforts also improve outcomes. These include oral rehydration therapy (drinking slightly sweetened and salty water) or giving intravenous fluids, and treating symptoms. In October 2020, atoltivimab/maftivimab/odesivimab (Inmazeb) was approved for medical use in the United States to treat the disease caused by Zaire ebolavirus.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WG1aY5OOR2o&t=248s
How the World’s Deadliest Ebola Outbreak Unfolded (full documentary) | FRONTLINE

Glioblastoma, previously known as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), is the most aggressive and most common type of cancer that originates in the brain, and has a very poor prognosis for survival. Initial signs and symptoms of glioblastoma are nonspecific. They may include headaches, personality changes, nausea, and symptoms similar to those of a stroke. Symptoms often worsen rapidly and may progress to unconsciousness. The cause of most cases of glioblastoma is not known. Uncommon risk factors include genetic disorders, such as neurofibromatosis and Li–Fraumeni syndrome, and previous radiation therapy. Glioblastomas represent 15% of all brain tumors. They are thought to arise from astrocytes. The diagnosis typically is made by a combination of a CT scan, MRI scan, and tissue biopsy. There is no known method of preventing the cancer. Treatment usually involves surgery, after which chemotherapy and radiation therapy are used. The medication temozolomide is frequently used as part of chemotherapy. High-dose steroids may be used to help reduce swelling and decrease symptoms. Surgical removal (decompression) of the tumor is linked to increased survival, but only by some months. Despite maximum treatment, the cancer almost always recurs. The typical duration of survival following diagnosis is 10–13 months, with fewer than 5–10% of people surviving longer than five years. Without treatment, survival is typically three months. It is the most common cancer that begins within the brain and the second-most common brain tumor, after meningioma, which is benign in most cases. About 3 in 100,000 people develop the disease per year. The average age at diagnosis is 64, and the disease occurs more commonly in males than females. Tumors of the central nervous system are the 10th leading cause of death worldwide, with up to 90% being brain tumors. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is derived from astrocytes and accounts for 49% of all malignant central nervous system tumors, making it the most common form of central nervous system cancer. Despite countless efforts to develop new therapies for GBM over the years, the median survival rate of GBM patients worldwide is 8 months; radiation and chemotherapy standard-of-care treatment beginning shortly after diagnosis improve the median survival length to around 14 months and a five-year survival rate of 5–10%. The five-year survival rate for individuals with any form of primary malignant brain tumor is 20%. Even when all detectable traces of the tumor are removed through surgery, most patients with GBM experience recurrence of their cancer. A TERT promoter mutation is a genetic event that occurs in the TERT gene and is a significant factor in the development of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM): TERT promoter mutations are found in 60–80% of GBMs. The most common mutations are C228T and C250T These mutations activate telomerase, which is responsible for repairing telomeres and maintaining chromosomal integrity. Cancer cells require telomere lengthening to proliferate infinitely.  TERT promoter mutations are associated with a poor prognosis.  TERT promoter mutations can be detected using liquid biopsies. TERT promoter mutations are also found in other cancers, including oligodendrogliomas, urothelial cancer, melanoma, and thyroid cancers.The prognostic value of TERT promoter mutations is influenced by the status of IDH mutations. TERT promoter mutations and IDH mutations are associated with specific histological glioma subgroups. The combination of TERT promoter mutations and MGMT promoter methylation defines subgroups with noticeable responses to current treatments. GBM is the most common and deadly primary brain tumor in adults, accounting for approximately 45–50% of all primary malignant brain tumors. Hyaluronic Acid Panacur the canine dewormer & Astaxanthin cure Glioblastoma

Leukemia is a group of blood cancers that usually begin in the bone marrow and produce high numbers of abnormal blood cells. These blood cells are not fully developed and are called blasts or leukemia cells. Symptoms may include bleeding and bruising, bone pain, fatigue, fever, and an increased risk of infections. These symptoms occur due to a lack of normal blood cells. Diagnosis is typically made by blood tests or bone marrow biopsy. TET2 mutations are an unfavorable prognostic factor in Acute myeloid leukemia (rapid growth of abnormal cells in the bone marrow and interfere with blood cell production ) patients with intermediate-risk cytogenetics. TET2 mutations are associated with older age, higher white blood cell & blast counts & lower platelet numbers. TET2 mutations are often lost at relapse, but can rarely be acquired. TET2 mutations are common in Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia, occurring in about 45% of cases. Most cases of TET2-mutated Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia have more than one mutant variant. TET2 mutations occur in about 19% of patients with myelodysplastic (undeveloped blood cells) syndromes. TET2 mutations occur in about 12% of patients with myeloproliferative disorders. TET2 mutations occur in about 24% of patients with secondary AML. Secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML) is a type of leukemia that develops after a person has had certain blood conditions or cancer treatments TET2 mutations can lead to abnormal epigenetic patterns, which can affect the differentiation and function of hematopoietic stem cells (HPSCs). This can promote the occurrence of leukemia by affecting cell proliferation TET2 deficiency can also lead to an inflamed immune phenotype, which is associated with several inflammation-based diseases, including cardiovascular disease. Leukemia is caused by overfeeding the body with what the bone don't need like fatty foods to prevent leukemia take supplements as Hydrogen Peroxide Vitamin C & Nitric Oxide
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3vuoNiV6OY8
What is blood cancer?

Meningitis is a serious infection of the membranes that protect the brain and spinal cord. It can be caused by viruses, bacteria, or fungi. Meningitis is acute or chronic inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, collectively called the meninges. The most common symptoms are fever, intense headache, vomiting and neck stiffness and occasionally photophobia. Other symptoms include confusion or altered consciousness, nausea, and an inability to tolerate light or loud noises. Young children often exhibit only nonspecific symptoms, such as irritability, drowsiness, or poor feeding. A non-blanching rash (a rash that does not fade when a glass is rolled over it) may also be present. The inflammation may be caused by infection with viruses, bacteria, fungi or parasites. Non-infectious causes include malignancy (cancer), subarachnoid hemorrhage, chronic inflammatory disease (sarcoidosis) and certain drugs. Meningitis can be life-threatening because of the inflammation's proximity to the brain and spinal cord; therefore, the condition is classified as a medical emergency. A lumbar puncture, in which a needle is inserted into the spinal canal to collect a sample of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), can diagnose or exclude meningitis. Some forms of meningitis are preventable by immunization with the meningococcal, mumps, pneumococcal, and Hib vaccines. Giving antibiotics to people with significant exposure to certain types of meningitis may also be useful for preventing transmission. The first treatment in acute meningitis consists of promptly giving antibiotics and sometimes antiviral drugs. Corticosteroids can be used to prevent complications from excessive inflammation. Meningitis can lead to serious long-term consequences such as deafness, epilepsy, hydrocephalus, or cognitive deficits, especially if not treated quickly. In 2019, meningitis was diagnosed in about 7.7 million people worldwide, of whom 236,000 died, down from 433,000 deaths in 1990. With appropriate treatment, the risk of death in bacterial meningitis is less than 15%. Outbreaks of bacterial meningitis occur between December and June each year in an area of sub-Saharan Africa known as the meningitis belt. Smaller outbreaks may also occur in other areas of the world. The word meningitis comes from the Greek μῆνιγξ meninx, 'membrane', and the medical suffix -itis, 'inflammation'.

Migraine a migraine is a headache that can cause severe throbbing pain or a pulsing sensation, usually on one side of the head. As we age the brain shrinks & people get Alzheimers disease it's often accompanied by nausea, vomiting & extreme sensitivity to light & sound. A migraine is due to lack of supplements; omega 3 replenish normal brain size, collagen replenish the skull & form a solid thick skull in which the brain rests, iron brings oxygen to the brain, Hydrogen Peroxide & Nitric Oxide molecules of DNA of your brain compose nucleotide structure throughout the body. in nomine Patris et FiLii et Spiritus Sancti peace be still

Obesity is sin gluttony is sin don't eat 3 meals a day 3 meals a day is too much food don't be a fat glutton watch your weight eat supplements when your'e a little hungry instead of always eating food there's no way a normal human being can weigh 200 pounds it is written in the Holy King James Bible the word of the Lord according to King Solomon 950 BC Before Christ Proverbs 23:21 For the drunkard & the glutton shall come to poverty: & drowsiness shall clothe a man with rags. amen no one wants to die young as many obese christians around this world , many die of being overweight such deaths are usually heart attacks as Big Pun. A woman is suppose to take care of her weight a woman cannot weigh 200 pounds that is simply disgusting by the way men hate fat woman . A heavy weight professional bodybuilder weighs 200 pounds a non bobybuilder cannot weigh 200 pounds. There are over 160 million obese American citizens killing themselves with high fat foods. 35% of Americans are obese 14 million American teenagers are fat what a huge problem; Fast 40 days then have a meal then fast again 40 days back to back Moses Elijah & Jesus fasted 40 days & pray Jesus Christ take your supplements especially probiotics , supplements help in weight loss don't eat 3 meals a day eat no more than 1 meal every 40 days, anorexia is not a problem but a cure to many disease instead of getting a gastrostomy fast 40 days back to back for a whole year & you should lose weight, don't be proud of being fat ! obese is not the way God intended his children to be; obesity leads to diabetes & cancer in 2022, 1 in 8 people in the world were living with obesity. Worldwide adult obesity has more than doubled since 1990, and adolescent obesity has quadrupled. In 2022, 2.5 billion adults (18 years and older) were overweight. Of these, 890 million were living with obesity. In 2022, 43% of adults aged 18 years and over were overweight and 16% were living with obesity. In 2022, 37 million children under the age of 5 were overweight. Over 390 million children and adolescents aged 5–19 years were overweight in 2022, including 160 million who were living with obesity. Leptin & Leptin Resistance. Leptin is a hormone fat cells release that maintain normal weight on a long-term basis. The level of leptin in blood is directly related to how much body fat you have. Leptin resistance causes you to feel hungry & eat more even though your body has enough fat stores what you should do is take ketone supplements. Disgusting obese wives cause husbands to divorce & leave the fat wives men hate fat woman an obese body is truly disgusting Dr Robert Lustig pointed out obesity leads to diabetes which leads to cancer due to high insulin level don't have visceral fat don't have fat in your liver which hepatic fat inside liver organ. Hypothalamic obesity is a condition where obesity develops due to damage or dysfunction of the hypothalamus, a region of the brain that controls appetite, metabolism, and hormone regulation. This damage can result in excessive weight gain, often accompanied by other symptoms like increased appetite and decreased satiety Hypothalamic obesity may cause leptin resistance high insulin level block leptin signal by acting on the same neuron that leptin use. in the brain obesity is a down regulation of dopamine receptors which means you need more food to get the same amount of reward 
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xZRHxtlh_jM
Inside The Hospital Fighting The Obesity Epidemic | Weight Loss Ward E1 | Our Stories
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rTZDxILhYCk
OBESITY NATION: How America is Eating itself to Death | ENDEVR Documentary
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6nmNbDmUmYM&t=37s
China's BIG Problem: The Rise of Childhood Obesity | Chinese Obesity Epidemic Documentary
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bm-6_0xiQNc
USA's Obesity Epidemic: Heart Attack Grills, Fat Camps and Plus-Size Beauty Pageants | Documentary
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6nZo277xg2k
Inside America's Biggest Fat Camp: Fighting the US Teen Obesity Crisis | Fat Camps Documentary
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xmWdVrjQAbo
Obesity Kids - How children Eat themselves to Death | ENDEVR Documentary
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=20s8DOLcSVo
Fighting The Teen Obesity Crisis | Our Life
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ceFyF9px20Y
Fat Chance: Fructose 2.0

Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disorder characterized by low bone mass, micro-architectural deterioration of bone tissue leading to more porous bone, and consequent increase in fracture risk. It is the most common reason for a broken bone among the elderly. Bones that commonly break include the vertebrae in the spine, the bones of the forearm, the wrist, and the hip. Until a broken bone occurs there are typically no symptoms. Bones may weaken to such a degree that a break may occur with minor stress or spontaneously. After the broken bone heals, the person may have chronic pain and a decreased ability to carry out normal activities. Osteoporosis may be due to lower-than-normal maximum bone mass and greater-than-normal bone loss. Bone loss increases after the menopause due to lower levels of estrogen, and after "andropause" due to lower levels of testosterone. Osteoporosis may also occur due to a number of diseases or treatments, including alcoholism, anorexia, hyperthyroidism, kidney disease, and surgical removal of the ovaries. Certain medications increase the rate of bone loss, including some antiseizure medications, chemotherapy, proton pump inhibitors, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, and glucocorticosteroids. Smoking and getting an inadequate amount of exercise are also risk factors. Osteoporosis is defined as a bone density of 2.5 standard deviations below that of a young adult. This is typically measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA or DEXA). Prevention of osteoporosis includes a proper diet during childhood, hormone replacement therapy for menopausal women, and efforts to avoid medications that increase the rate of bone loss. Efforts to prevent broken bones in those with osteoporosis include a good diet, exercise, and fall prevention. Lifestyle changes such as stopping smoking and not drinking alcohol may help. Bisphosphonate medications are useful to decrease future broken bones in those with previous broken bones due to osteoporosis. In those with osteoporosis but no previous broken bones, they are less effective. [needs update] They do not appear to affect the risk of death. Osteoporosis becomes more common with age. About 15% of Caucasians in their 50s and 70% of those over 80 are affected. It is more common in women than men. In the developed world, depending on the method of diagnosis, 2% to 8% of males and 9% to 38% of females are affected. Rates of disease in the developing world are unclear. About 22 million women and 5.5 million men in the European Union had osteoporosis in 2010. In the United States in 2010, about 8 million women and between 1 and 2 million men had osteoporosis. White and Asian people are at greater risk. The word "osteoporosis" is from the Greek terms for "porous bones". The human skeletal system accounts for 14% of total body weight
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cd0YT-OV97c
The Culprit Behind Osteoporosis - Medical Frontiers
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JLY7JB1Jmgc
The science of osteoporosis and how common treatments work
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eYGkT6OrBk0
Osteoporosis
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BsnKZDGSuw0
How Bone Marrow Keeps You Alive

Pancreas Cancer God wants to heal you of Pancreatic cancer which arises when cells in the pancreas, a glandular organ behind the stomach, begin to multiply out of control and form a mass. These cancerous cells have the ability to invade other parts of the body. A number of types of pancreatic cancer are known. The most common, pancreatic adenocarcinoma, accounts for about 90% of cases, and the term "pancreatic cancer" is sometimes used to refer only to that type. These adenocarcinomas start within the part of the pancreas that makes digestive enzymes. Several other type of cancer, which collectively represent the majority of the non-adenocarcinomas, can also arise from these cells. About 1–2% of cases of pancreatic cancer are neuroendocrine tumors, which arise from the hormone-producing cells of the pancreas. These are generally less aggressive than pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Signs and symptoms of the most-common form of pancreatic cancer may include yellow skin, abdominal or back pain, unexplained weight loss, light-colored stools, dark urine, and loss of appetite. Usually, no symptoms are seen in the disease's early stages, and symptoms that are specific enough to suggest pancreatic cancer typically do not develop until the disease has reached an advanced stage. By the time of diagnosis, pancreatic cancer has often spread to other parts of the body. Pancreatic cancer rarely occurs before the age of 40, and more than half of cases of pancreatic adenocarcinoma occur in those over 70. Risk factors for pancreatic cancer include tobacco smoking, obesity, diabetes, and certain rare genetic conditions. About 25% of cases are linked to smoking, and 5–10% are linked to inherited genes. Pancreatic cancer is usually diagnosed by a combination of medical imaging techniques such as ultrasound or computed tomography, blood tests, and examination of tissue samples (biopsy). The disease is divided into stages, from early (stage I) to late (stage IV). Screening the general population has not been found to be effective. The risk of developing pancreatic cancer is lower among non-smokers, and people who maintain a healthy weight and limit their consumption of red or processed meat; the risk is greater for men, smokers, and those with diabetes. There is some evidence that links high levels of red meat consumption to increased risk of pancreatic cancer. Smokers' risk of developing the disease decreases immediately upon quitting, and almost returns to that of the rest of the population after 20 years. Pancreatic cancer can be treated with surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, palliative care, or a combination of these. Treatment options are partly based on the cancer stage. Surgery is one of many treatments that can cure pancreatic adenocarcinoma, and may also be done to improve quality of life without the potential for cure astaxanthin & various dewormers can cure cancer by blocking pdl1 and increasing tp53 gene. Pain management and medications to improve digestion are sometimes needed. Early palliative care is recommended even for those receiving treatment that aims for a cure. Pancreatic cancer is among the most deadly forms of cancer globally, with one of the lowest survival rates. In 2015, pancreatic cancers of all types resulted in 411,600 deaths globally. Pancreatic cancer is the fifth-most-common cause of death from cancer in the United Kingdom & the third most-common in the United States. The disease occurs most often in the developed world, where about 70% of the new cases in 2012 originated. Pancreatic adenocarcinoma typically has a very poor prognosis; after diagnosis, 25% of people survive one year and 12% live for five years. For cancers diagnosed early, the five-year survival rate rises to about 20%. Neuroendocrine cancers have better outcomes; at five years from diagnosis, 65% of those diagnosed are living, though survival considerably varies depending on the type of tumor. Pancreatic cancer is developed by eating too much and overwhelming your pancreas by raising MTOR
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=52viwfv0cQU
Pancreas Cancer: What Patients Need to Know

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ezfwqmKC9Uc
How Gene Editing Is Curing Disease
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pihhRgLDbGY
FDA approves groundbreaking sickle cell anemia treatment
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0xv0CBujwZU
Teen is one of the first ever to get his genes edited. Why he says the process is 'cool and freaky'
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2sAGtqm3o1g
New CRISPR-based sickle cell treatment, explained

Sickle cell disease (SCD), also simply called sickle cell, is a group of hemoglobin-related blood disorders typically inherited. The most common type is known as sickle cell anemia. It results in an abnormality in the oxygen-carrying protein haemoglobin found in red blood cells. This leads to a rigid, sickle-like shape under certain circumstances. Problems in sickle cell disease typically begin around 5 to 6 months of age. A number of health problems may develop, such as attacks of pain (known as a sickle cell crisis) in joints, anemia, swelling in the hands and feet, bacterial infections, dizziness and stroke. Long-term pain may develop as people get older. The average life expectancy in the developed world is 40 to 60 years. It often gets worse within age. All the major organs are affected by sickle cell disease. The liver, heart, kidneys, gallbladder, eyes, bones, and joints also can suffer damage from the abnormal functions of the sickle cells, and their inability to flow through the small blood vessels correctly. Sickle cell disease occurs when a person inherits two abnormal copies of the β-globin gene (HBB) that makes haemoglobin, one from each parent. This gene occurs in chromosome 11. Several subtypes exist, depending on the exact mutation in each haemoglobin gene. An attack can be set off by temperature changes, stress, dehydration, and high altitude. A person with a single abnormal copy does not usually have symptoms and is said to have sickle cell trait. Such people are also referred to as carriers. Diagnosis is by a blood test, and some countries test all babies at birth for the disease. Diagnosis is also possible during pregnancy. The care of people with sickle cell disease may include infection prevention with vaccination and antibiotics, high fluid intake, folic acid supplementation, and pain medication. Other measures may include blood transfusion and the medication hydroxycarbamide (hydroxyurea). In 2023, new gene therapies were approved. A small percentage of people can be cured by a transplant of bone marrow cells. As of 2015, about 4.4 million people have sickle cell disease, while an additional 43 million have sickle cell trait. About 80% of sickle cell disease cases are believed to occur in Sub-Saharan Africa. It also occurs to a lesser degree in parts of India, Southern Europe, West Asia, North Africa and among people of African origin (sub-Saharan) living in other parts of the world. In 2015, it resulted in about 114,800 deaths. The condition was first described in the medical literature by American physician James B. Herrick in 1910. In 1949, its genetic transmission was determined by E. A. Beet and J. V. Neel. In 1954, the protective effect against malaria of sickle cell trait was described.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ezfwqmKC9Uc
How Gene Editing Is Curing Disease
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pihhRgLDbGY
FDA approves groundbreaking sickle cell anemia treatment
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0xv0CBujwZU
Teen is one of the first ever to get his genes edited. Why he says the process is 'cool and freaky'
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2sAGtqm3o1g
New CRISPR-based sickle cell treatment, explained

Virus is Latin for poison a virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism. Viruses infect all life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea. Viruses are found in almost every ecosystem on Earth and are the most numerous type of biological entity. Since Dmitri Ivanovsky's 1892 article describing a non-bacterial pathogen infecting tobacco plants and the discovery of the tobacco mosaic virus by Martinus Beijerinck in 1898,: 4  more than 11,000 of the millions of virus species have been described in detail. The study of viruses is known as virology, a subspeciality of microbiology. When infected, a host cell is often forced to rapidly produce thousands of copies of the original virus. When not inside an infected cell or in the process of infecting a cell, viruses exist in the form of independent viral particles, or virions, consisting of (i) genetic material, i.e., long molecules of DNA or RNA that encode the structure of the proteins by which the virus acts; (ii) a protein coat, the capsid, which surrounds and protects the genetic material; and in some cases (iii) an outside envelope of lipids. The shapes of these virus particles range from simple helical and icosahedral forms to more complex structures. Most virus species have virions too small to be seen with an optical microscope and are one-hundredth the size of most bacteria. The origins of viruses in the evolutionary history of life are still unclear. Some viruses may have evolved from plasmids, which are pieces of DNA that can move between cells. Other viruses may have evolved from bacteria. In evolution, viruses are an important means of horizontal gene transfer, which increases genetic diversity in a way analogous to sexual reproduction. Viruses are considered by some biologists to be a life form, because they carry genetic material, reproduce, and evolve through natural selection, although they lack some key characteristics, such as cell structure, that are generally considered necessary criteria for defining life. Because they possess some but not all such qualities, viruses have been described as "organisms at the edge of life" and as replicators. Viruses spread in many ways. One transmission pathway is through disease-bearing organisms known as vectors: for example, viruses are often transmitted from plant to plant by insects that feed on plant sap, such as aphids; and viruses in animals can be carried by blood-sucking insects. Many viruses spread in the air by coughing and sneezing, including influenza viruses, SARS-CoV-2, chickenpox, smallpox, and measles. Norovirus and rotavirus, common causes of viral gastroenteritis, are transmitted by the faecal–oral route, passed by hand-to-mouth contact or in food or water. The infectious dose of norovirus required to produce infection in humans is fewer than 100 particles. HIV is one of several viruses transmitted through sexual contact and by exposure to infected blood. The variety of host cells that a virus can infect is called its host range: this is narrow for viruses specialized to infect only a few species, or broad for viruses capable of infecting many. Viral infections in animals provoke an immune response that usually eliminates the infecting virus. Immune responses can also be produced by vaccines, which confer an artificially acquired immunity to the specific viral infection. Some viruses, including those that cause HIV/AIDS, HPV infection, and viral hepatitis, evade these immune responses and result in chronic infections. Several classes of antiviral drugs have been developed.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LXbTxj_mD_M
Understanding Viruses
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pzJ_mILGYL8&t=101s
Making new vaccines from plant viruses - George Lomonossoff