Glioblastoma, previously known as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), is the most aggressive and most common type of cancer that originates in the brain, and has a very poor prognosis for survival. Initial signs and symptoms of glioblastoma are nonspecific. They may include headaches, personality changes, nausea, and symptoms similar to those of a stroke. Symptoms often worsen rapidly and may progress to unconsciousness. The cause of most cases of glioblastoma is not known. Uncommon risk factors include genetic disorders, such as neurofibromatosis and Li–Fraumeni syndrome, and previous radiation therapy. Glioblastomas represent 15% of all brain tumors. They are thought to arise from astrocytes. The diagnosis typically is made by a combination of a CT scan, MRI scan, and tissue biopsy. There is no known method of preventing the cancer. Treatment usually involves surgery, after which chemotherapy and radiation therapy are used. The medication temozolomide is frequently used as part of chemotherapy. High-dose steroids may be used to help reduce swelling and decrease symptoms. Surgical removal (decompression) of the tumor is linked to increased survival, but only by some months. Despite maximum treatment, the cancer almost always recurs. The typical duration of survival following diagnosis is 10–13 months, with fewer than 5–10% of people surviving longer than five years. Without treatment, survival is typically three months. It is the most common cancer that begins within the brain and the second-most common brain tumor, after meningioma, which is benign in most cases. About 3 in 100,000 people develop the disease per year. The average age at diagnosis is 64, and the disease occurs more commonly in males than females. Tumors of the central nervous system are the 10th leading cause of death worldwide, with up to 90% being brain tumors. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is derived from astrocytes and accounts for 49% of all malignant central nervous system tumors, making it the most common form of central nervous system cancer. Despite countless efforts to develop new therapies for GBM over the years, the median survival rate of GBM patients worldwide is 8 months; radiation and chemotherapy standard-of-care treatment beginning shortly after diagnosis improve the median survival length to around 14 months and a five-year survival rate of 5–10%. The five-year survival rate for individuals with any form of primary malignant brain tumor is 20%. Even when all detectable traces of the tumor are removed through surgery, most patients with GBM experience recurrence of their cancer. A TERT promoter mutation is a genetic event that occurs in the TERT gene and is a significant factor in the development of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM): TERT promoter mutations are found in 60–80% of GBMs. The most common mutations are C228T and C250T These mutations activate telomerase, which is responsible for repairing telomeres and maintaining chromosomal integrity. Cancer cells require telomere lengthening to proliferate infinitely.  TERT promoter mutations are associated with a poor prognosis.  TERT promoter mutations can be detected using liquid biopsies. TERT promoter mutations are also found in other cancers, including oligodendrogliomas, urothelial cancer, melanoma, and thyroid cancers.The prognostic value of TERT promoter mutations is influenced by the status of IDH mutations. TERT promoter mutations and IDH mutations are associated with specific histological glioma subgroups. The combination of TERT promoter mutations and MGMT promoter methylation defines subgroups with noticeable responses to current treatments. GBM is the most common and deadly primary brain tumor in adults, accounting for approximately 45–50% of all primary malignant brain tumors. Hyaluronic Acid Panacur the canine dewormer & Astaxanthin cure Glioblastoma be blessed by God Almighty missa orationis peace be still in nomine Patris et FiLii et Spiritus Sancti amen
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